Special Issue of International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
International Conference on Electronic Design and Signal Processing (ICEDSP) 2012
38
Microcontroller based Home Security System with
Remote Monitoring
Nikhil Agarwal
Department of EC Engineering
MIT, Manipal
G.Subramanya Nayak
Department of EC Engineering
MIT, Manipal
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes construction of a micro-controller based
automated Home Security System. The door lock is password
protected with an LED based resistive screen input panel
which operates by detecting difference in light intensity
captured by the photo diode which is emitted by surrounding
red LEDs and reflected by the finger. The display is a 16X2
LCD panel. IR Laser sensors are used to detect any obstacle
while monitoring the windows and doors at night or when
away. Fire alarm system uses temperature sensor LM35 which
senses sudden considerable increase in temperature and raises
alarm.
Keywords
Home Security System; LED Screen; Motion Detector; Fire
Alarm System.
1. INTRODUCTION
Monitoring systems are common place in many areas of
industry. It is essential that home privacy is protected always
and no outsider can affect it by any means. Thanks to the
recent trends in home security, there’s no need to worry about
home security any longer, as security systems are here to take
of care of it. Home security system is the best burglar
deterrent one can have. A Home Security System should
provide security and safety features for a home by alarming
the residents from natural, accidental and/or human dangers
such as: fire, flooding, theft, animals invading etc. The prime
concern of this project is to provide total security. The main
components of the circuit are
IR Sensors
The system is fully digital and also be fully customized. The
project consists of basic modules. First is IR transmitter and
receiver module which works for the safety of doors at night
or in case we are out of home. When the IR sensors are
interrupted, a buzzer is turned on indicating someone has
entered into the house.
LCD Display
This part of the project serves the functionality of a door
opening with a motor using a password entered through the
touch screen. This module also turns on buzzer if 3 wrong
passwords are entered consequently. The system is fully
digital and can also be fully customized. It incorporates a
16X2 LCD display.
Temperature Sensor
The third module of the project is based on temperature
controller which is a device that is used to accurately control
and process temperature without extensive operator
involvement. It is a control system which accepts data from
temperature sensor such as thermocouples or resistant
temperature detector (RTD) and gives the temperature reading
on the LCD display.
CD4016
These are quad bilateral switches which are used for the
transmission of analog or digital data. Each of the four
bilateral switches has independent control signals which
control the switching.
ATmega16
Up to 16 MIPS: The ATmega16, being an AVR core, can
execute up to 16 Million instruction per second. This is due to
the fact that most AVR instructions are executed on a single
clock cycle. So with an 8 MHz clock, you can perform 8
MIPS. Comparatively, an 8051 clocked at 8 MHz, would give
a throughput of only 666 KHz, because 8051 need 12 clock
cycles per instruction.
EEPROM Memory (512 bytes): Most AVRs, including the
ATmega16, come with an on chip EEPROM memory, with
ready to use instruction to access this memory. EEPROM is
one where your program can store information that won't be
lost even in case of power loss.
ISP: In System Programming is becoming a standard in
today's microcontroller, and AVRs fully benefit for this
technological advance, making it much simpler for developer
to test and debug their chips 'in system'.
Very Powerful and versatile timers/counters: Most AVR
timers/counters have Prescalers, allowing them to be adapted
to wide range of applications, and to dramatically reduce the
processor overhead. They also have a high sampling rate,
enabling them to count very fast external events.
There is also a set of built-in devices,that importantly reduce
the number of components in any project and they are
PWM,ADCs, USART/SPI, On-Chip Analog comparator,
Internal RC oscillator: This critical feature makes the
ATmega16 for example, a microcontroller that can run with
only 5V and GND rails, no any other component or
connection is needed to be made to make it functional. By the
way, any ATmega8, 16, or 32 microcontroller is shipped with
the internal oscillator turned ON and tuned to 1 MHz, making
it ready to be used with adding ANY external components like
crystal resonator or capacitors. The Internal oscillator
frequency can be then tuned to different frequencies, up to
8MHz.
Features of ATmega16
The ATmega16 is a low power 8 bit microcontroller based on
the AVR enhanced RISC architecture.
ATmega16 is a 40 pin microcontroller.
There are 32 I/O (input/output) lines which are divided into
four 8-bit ports designated as PORTA, PORTB, PORTC and
PORTD.
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